Bird poop itself is not directly toxic to cats. However, there is a potential risk of cats contracting a fungal disease called histoplasmosis from bird feces. Histoplasmosis is the second most common systemic fungal disease in cats and can be found in various regions, including the central United States and other parts of the world.
Cats can become infected with histoplasmosis by inhaling or, less commonly, ingesting infectious spores of the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. These spores are typically found in soil contaminated with bat and bird feces. Outdoor cats have a higher likelihood of encountering this type of contaminated soil, but indoor cats can also be exposed to histoplasmosis through potted plants and unfinished basements.
It’s important to note that cats with Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) infection are slightly more likely to develop histoplasmosis compared to FeLV-negative cats.
The clinical signs of feline histoplasmosis can be vague and non-specific. Cats may experience lethargy, weight loss, anorexia, and fever. Respiratory signs such as coughing or difficulty breathing are also common. In some cases, cats may develop enlarged lymph nodes, skin masses, or ocular changes.
To diagnose histoplasmosis, veterinarians typically visualize fungal segments in tissues under a microscope. While there are blood and urine tests available, they may not always accurately differentiate histoplasmosis from other fungal infections like blastomycosis.
Treatment for feline histoplasmosis involves oral antifungal therapy, usually with medications like itraconazole or fluconazole. The duration of treatment is typically around 6 months on average. In one study, this treatment was approximately 66% successful, but the prognosis can vary depending on the extent of the disease.
While bird poop itself is not toxic to cats, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks associated with histoplasmosis. If you notice any concerning symptoms in your cat or suspect exposure to bird feces, it is recommended to consult with a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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